INTRODUCTION

The word corruption is derived from Latin word “corrumpo” which means to disintegrate and to lose value or to become useless.it is defined as an act of dishonesty and an illegal act intended to use public office for private gain.

TYPES OF CORRUPTION:

Bribery:

A bribe is the offering, giving or receiving of something of value intended to reward a person for an action

Embezzlement:

It is an act of fraudulently obtaining another’s property by an illegal means

Extortion:

It includes all the black mailing tactics and use of intimidation by individuals or group of individuals to obtain the property of another

Favoritism:

Favoritism or nepotism is defined as favors given by the officials to their relatives and friends in jobs and businesses etc.

Frauds:

Fraud is an act intended to deceive others which results in the loss of victim and benefits of the criminals.

CORRUPTION IN PAKISTAN

Corruption in pakistan is found in every sector from government institutions to judiciary, police, and even in the educational institutions. Despite many reforms and efforts, the situation did not improve.

PANAMA LEAKS

It dates back to 2015, when documents were provided to German newspaper SADOSH SHO ZEITUNG was provided with the documents from anonymous sources detailing the secret properties of various authorities. The number of those documents were 11.5million containing the details of assets from 1970 to 2015. German newspaper contacted the ICIJ (international Consortium of Investigative Journalists) which assigned 400 journalists from 80 different countries to examine all these documents. After the hectic efforts of 12 months those reports were published. The name of firm in panama MOSSACK FONSECA came out. The firm was established in 1996 and was responsible for managing offshore companies worldwide.

Many names were revealed in this report including the names of Hassan Nawaz, Hussain Nawaz (sons of Nawaz Sharif) and Maryam Nawaz (daughter of Nawaz Sharif of PMLN) and they were accused of possessing illegal assets as well as properties in London. Many controversial statements of Sharif family came out after panama leaks

Not only the offshore companies of Pakistani politicians were revealed but also many politicians including the prime minister of Iceland, and minister of Spain and many other politicians.

Panama papers became the basis of Supreme Court’s decision against Nawaz Sharif’s illegal assets and properties disqualifying him for any political activity and sentencing him to imprisonment for 10 years and moreover, a huge fine was imposed on him

STEPS TAKEN BY PTI GOVERNMENT

Former prime minister of Pakistan Imran Khan of Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf (PTI) tried to root out corruption from Pakistan and he was successful to some extent. Assets Recovery Unit was established by PTI governments with its head office in Islamabad which aims at recovering money and hidden assets. Anticorruption movement was started by Imran khan. Khan’s anti-corruption campaign aimed at prosecuting corrupt politicians.

LAWS AND MEASURES TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT AGAINST CORRUPTION

· ERADICATION OF CORRUPTION BUSINESS PRACTICES ORDINANCE, according to this Whoever commits corruption shall be punished with imprisonment for 7 years or with fine or both
· NATIONAL ACCOUNTABILTY BUREAU (NAB) was established to reveal the illegal assets of the citizens
· New regional offices for the national anticorruption agency were set up by Imran khan’s government however, the political interference in public institutes adversely affects the effective investigations of corruption

It is a misconception that corruption is only found at government level or higher levels in fact, it is more at individual levels which needs to be prevented by taking effective measures.

WAYS TO REDUCE CORRUPTION

· Number one is the Conflict of interest law. Politicians cannot come to government for making money and building up of factories but they should wholeheartedly work for prosperity of country.
· NAB must be an independent institution. There should be no political interference.
· Development funds must be transferred straight to the required level
· Cabinet, members of parliament must declare all their assets.
· Rule of law should imposed if we really want to root out corruption from Pakistan.
· There are basically two types of people in Pakistan, the one are the people who corrupt the system and the others are corrupted by the system so the one who have corrupted the system must be held accountable and the corruption in the people who are corrupted by the system can be controlled by changing the system.

· Most of corruption is Pakistan is in the revenue department so an e-government should be created.

CONCLUSION

Corruption is an act which can completely destroy the economy of the country so talking about Pakistan in particular, I would say that if we want to make our country prosperous we must take all the measures to root out corruption from the country and this is the main thing. Rule of law is to be enforced which is possible only by the joint efforts of public and the government.